For the first time since World War II and the establishment of the State of Israel, tens of thousands of Jewish refugees emerged in the world. For some of them, this is their second evacuation - the first was in 1941 from the Nazis, the second in 2022 from the Russians.

We invite you to meet these double refugees and Holocaust survivors, ready to share their extraordinary stories from two eras. You will witness the "Jewish" chronicle of the Russo-Ukrainian war, which will be documented in books and scientific monographs years later.

But all this will happen in the future, while today you will feel the living breathing of history - this moment is worth a lot.

Doba Hubergritz, a recent resident of Kyiv and now an Israeli, is 102 years old.

As a child she saw with her own eyes how the DniproGES was built, in 1941 she was evacuated to Uzbekistan, immediately after the liberation of Kyiv she helped to rebuild Khreshchatyk street, and then she worked as a teacher of Russian language and literature for almost half a century. When the Russian invasion began, Doba built a cardboard bunker between the inner walls of her apartment and threw a mattress in it. When evacuation became possible, she was given two hours to pack. She made it. She did not know where she was going, the drivers changed the route as they went along. She ended up in Chisinau, and then flew from there to Israel.

Having landed in the Promised Land, Doba became a real star - just kidding, she is the oldest repatriate from Ukraine. Despite her honorable age, she regularly keeps in touch with her former students, reads a lot and follows the news from two frontlines - Israeli and Ukrainian. Never ceasing to wonder how, in her second century of life, two wars in two years could have happened...

Experts:
Valeria Dikshtein - Head of the Ukrainian branch of ZAKA
Grigory Reichman - Israeli historian, translator
Eugenia Nozhenko - Head of the Beit Am Jewish community, Poltava, Ukraine
Elena Tsarovska, tour guide, Ukraine-Germany

For Svitlana Petrovska, an Honored Teacher of Ukraine, the morning of February 24, 2022, began with the funeral of her friend - dissident, Hero of Ukraine, famous literary scholar and former Minister of Culture Ivan Dziuba. Then there were ten days in the shelter, which turned into torture for the woman after spinal surgery. The journey to the border took 26 hours, and the anti-tank hedges, hills and roadblocks reminded her of the first evacuation from Kyiv in July 1941.

The refugees were accommodated in one of the hotels in Budapest, where the founder of the Ukrainian Janusz Korczak Society, laureate of the Order of Smile, Svitlana Petrovska, from morning till night took care of the children who were in a terrible psychological condition.

The final point of the route was Berlin, where lives the daughter of our heroine - Katja Petrowskaja, a famous German writer, and laureate of the Ingeborg Bachmann Prize - one of the major awards in the world of German literature.

Experts:
Boris Zabarko - historian, an Honored Scientist of Ukraine, laureate of the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Chairman of the All-Ukrainian Association of Jews - Former Ghetto and Nazi Concentration Camp Prisoners.
Marat Strakovsky - member of the Presidium of the Kyiv City Jewish Community.
Natalia Grivnyak - journalist and producer, founder of InFeatures Story Production.
Emil Krupnik - poet, bard, member of the Union of Writers of Israel.

In July 1941, 16-year-old Pesach Shengait, a student of a craftsman's school, was sent to dig trenches near Dnipropetrovsk. But the Germans were advancing, and soon the factory where his father worked was evacuated behind the Urals. The engineer's family was evacuated as well. The journey in wooden wagons lasted a month, the end point was the tiny station Neyvo-Shaitansk - there was launched a factory that produced sapper blades, where Pesach worked until 1948, sometimes sleeping right in the workplace.

The invasion of Russia on February 24, 2022, 96-year-old Peter Benyaminovich met in Kyiv. He could no longer climb down to the shelter, but he refused to evacuate at first. Reb Pesach himself and his son - executive director of the Kyiv City Jewish Community Anatoly Shengait - told about how he had to flee from the Germans in his youth behind the Urals, and in his elder years - from the Russians behind the Main.

Experts:
Ilya Golberg - Israeli security expert who handled the evacuation from Kyiv.
Dr. Mark Freiman - former Deputy Attorney General of Ontario, ex President of the Canadian Jewish Congress.
Yuriy Korogodsky - Ukrainian historian and publicist.
Grigory Reichman - Israeli historian, translator.

On 14 July this year, the Founder and Director of the Kharkiv Holocaust Museum, Merited Culture Worker of Ukraine, Larysa Faliivna Volovyk, passed away. Shortly before her death, she recorded a video describing her two evacuations.

In the autumn of 1941, as a little girl, Larysa fled with her parents from a small town whose name is now known all over the world: Bakhmut.

Then on 24 February last year, the 83-year-old woman woke up to strange sounds that she thought were thunder. It was not a thunderstorm, but a war. A few days later, the broken windows in the apartment left the couple with no choice. They didn't even have time to pack their belongings; two keys were jingling in Larysa's coat pocket, one for the apartment and the other for the first Holocaust museum in Ukraine. Then there was a transit point in Moldova, repatriation to Israel, and... You will hear the story during the memorial broadcast dedicated to our heroine.

For Olga Mazurenko, a Kievan Jewish kindergarten teacher, the war began at 5:30 a.m. with the roar of explosions. Olga's father is 85 years old and her bedridden mother is 86. Leonid has already experienced evacuation, being 4 years old, when he had to flee from Sevastopol under the German bombs. Now, as Deputy Director of Science of the Ukrainian Research Institute of Municipal Economy, he did not want to leave Kyiv. Indeed, how could he, if his wife could not even sit with him on the bus. Our heroes will tell about the peripetias of the long journey to Moldova and the repatriation to Israel.

Experts:
Dr. Irina Shihova - Director of the Jewish Museum of Moldova
Sophia Gugelev - Artist, Volunteer, former CEO of The Israel-Japan Chamber of Commerce
Marat Strakovsky - Member of the Presidium of the Kyiv City Jewish Community

Inna Zatoloka's house in Mariupol was bombed on March 18 last year, and on April 8, a direct hit from a mortar destroyed the port building where the woman was hiding. She was not alone, but with an 86-year-old aunt and her 93-year-old blockade survivor husband.

Artillery, cruise missiles, mortars, ship artillery - they endured everything... How they managed to escape from the besieged city, shares Inna herself and her aunt - Elvira Mikhailovna Borts, who was saved by her Ukrainian neighbors during the Holocaust.

Experts:
Ilya Golberg - Israeli security expert who was involved in the evacuation of Kyiv
Natella Andryushchenko - Chairwoman of the Bila Tserkva Jewish community, director of "Mitsva-613" school
Yuri Korogodsky - historian, publicist

Our hero Lev Tumarkin was seven years old in 1941, when the war came to his city. 80 years later, Lev Tumarkin had to remember what it was like to live under the bombs, to lie in the basement and pack documents in an emergency kit. Then, fleeing from the invading Wehrmacht, our hero with his mother and two brothers spent a month in a sledge train heading for Nizhny Tagil.

But in March 2022 Tumarkin, 87 years old, walked for two hours with Scandinavian sticks to the evacuation bus. Fortunately, it had snowed and fog had fallen on the city - Russians don't usually bomb in such weather.

Experts Stanislav Gluzman, a financier, Maxim Rosenfeld, the best guide in Kharkov, and Hodaya Halfon, head of Knafei Emuna, with whose help 5,000 people were evacuated from the city, described the damage the Russian world had done to Ukraine's largest Russian-speaking city.

The heroine of the episode is Irina Polyushkina, a math teacher from Mariupol, who spent almost a month in the basement, survived shelling and air raids, was shell-shocked, helped put out fires and bury neighbors, and once almost ended up in the occupation's "cleansing section. Eight people died in front of her schoolgirl daughter, and her paralyzed Holocaust survivor mother lay on the floor for weeks at -5 degrees and nearly burned to death when another air raid hit the house.

Experts:
Maxim Baryshnikov - Attorney, Co-Founder of the Civic Hub initiative group "Get Russia out of the UN."

Anna Vishnyakova is a former Advisor to the Head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine on xenophobia and anti-Semitism, currently researching the problems of propaganda and incitement to genocide.

The hero of the episode is Yevgeny Chepurnyak, People's Artist of Ukraine, Director and Actor of the legendary 1990s KVN team from Dnepropetrovsk University. A year ago, Yevgeny evacuated to Israel his parents, Holocaust survivors, who have 187 years of age together.

Experts:
Dr. Igor Shchupak, Director of the Ukrainian Institute for Holocaust Studies "Tkuma", postdoctoral fellow at the University of Toronto, member of the Ukrainian-German Historical Commission, honored educator of Ukraine.

Alisa Rostovtseva is Coordinator of educational and charitable programs at the Mariupol synagogue, which helped evacuate elderly and disabled Jews from the city already under occupation.

Marat Strakovsky is a member of the presidium of the Kyiv City Jewish Community, who is responsible for a number of charitable projects.

The hero of the episode is Boris Zabarko, a well-known historian, an Honored Scientist of Ukraine, author of more than 200 books and articles, laureate of the National Academy of Sciences, Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Chairman of the All-Ukrainian Association of Jews - Former Ghetto and Nazi Concentration Camp Prisoners.

Experts
Dr. Anatoliy Podolsky, Director of the Ukrainian Center for Holocaust Studies.
Dr. Mark Freiman, former Deputy Attorney General of Ontario and President of the Canadian Jewish Congress.
Dr. Ze'ev Hanin, Political scientist, researcher at the Institute for Euro-Asian Jewish Studies and professor at Ariel University.
Dr. Artem Fedorchuk, Director of the International Center for Jewish Education and Research.
Dr. Irina Shikhova, Director of the Museum of Jewish History of Moldova.
Grigory Reichman, Israeli historian and translator.